French Revolution - Episode 6
- Overview of entire revolution:
- 1789 : Estate general (सम्पूर्ण समाजिक तहका मानिसहरुको प्रतिनिधित्व भएको एउटा सभा)
- 1789 - 1791 : National Assembly
- 1791 - 1792 : Legislative Assembly
- 1792 - 1795 : National Convention (Reign of Terror - आतंकको शासन)
- 1795 - 1798 : Directory Rule
- 1799 - Coup by Nepoleon Bonapart
- Directory Rule (1795 - 1798):
- The document prepared in 1795, after the execution of Maximilien Robespierre, to conduct the election and to rule the country, was decided to be a new constitution of France.
- Executive body with 5 directors was made as per the constitution. The rule of 5 directors was introduced to remove the risk of dictatorship which could have happened if a single director would have been selected.
- Similarly, a bicameral legislature system was introduced in France.
- Since the voting right was constricted to few citizens, again second estate people came to rule the country by replacing the third estate.
- Directors started ruling in the country in the way they like.
- Meanwhile, Napoleon Bonaparte was leading the war against Italy and Austria and got the victory in it.
- This ended the war of the first coalition.
- Coup by Nepoleon Bonapart (1799)
- Bonaparte came back to the country after the war and did a coup against the directory rule.
- He made a new system of government in the country which was called the "Consulate".
- It consisted of 3 consuls among which Napoleon declared himself as the First Consul of France.
- 1804 - He declared himself as the new "Emperor of France".
Along with this, French Revolution ended and the rule of Napoleon started.
Some characteristics of Napoleon Bonaparte:
- Though huge political tensions were going on in France and France was in huge economic shortage and debt, Bonaparte led to war in such a way that he annexed some lands of Belgium, all land of Switzerland, and some parts of northen Italy.
- He made the Austrian empire to surrender in war and the Austrian empire proposed for peace treaty after which its land was returned back by France.
- In summary, he was a great warrior of France.
References:
1. Study IQ education. (2017c, May 11). French Revolution - फ्रांस की क्रांति - World History - विश्व इतिहास - UPSC/IAS [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kHF0vuj1Dz8
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